MarcellaC

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Overview and Instructions
** Research basic facts about instruments of the orchestra. **

1. Names of the families 2. Names of the instruments in each family. 3. Picture of each instrument. 4. What each instrument is made of. 5. How each is played. 6. Describe what each instrument sounds like and find an audio or video clip of each. 7. At least 2 interesting facts about each instrument.

May create a web page, wiki page, knowledge map, Ebook, Powerpoint presentation, paper notebook, or complete instrument study books.


 * Use these websites to research each instrument.**

[|The Music Room] [|San Francisco Kids] [|NY Philharmonic Kids] [|Learn About Instruments] [|DSO Kids] [|Oregon Symphony] [|Play Music] [|BSO Kids] [|Simple English Wikipedia] [|Wikipedia] [|FlickrCC (free, legal pictures)]

**Answer the questions below for each instrument.**

[[image:http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f3/Stradivarius_violin_front.jpg width="55" height="95"]]
Violin is a string instrument played with a bow. Different notes are made by fingering with the left hand, by bowing with the right. The violin is the smallest and highest pitched instrument in the string family.
 * Picture:** Include the web link where you found the picture. []

**What is it made of?** The strings are usually made of horse hair, and wood.


 * How is it played?** It's played with a bow.


 * At least 2 interesting facts.** 1. The violin in it's modern form is about 400 years old, but similar bow-played string instruments have been around for almost 1000 years. 2. By the time the modern orchestra started in the 17th century the violin was fully developed and it became the most important orchestral instrument.


 * Describe its sound.** High pitched, actually the highest pitched instrument in the string family.


 * Web address where it can be heard.** []

**Viola**

 * What is it made of?** The body of the viola is made of wood, and the strings, are usually made of horse hair.


 * How is it played?** A good viola has a very warm tone. In other words it sounds richer and darker.


 * At least 2 interesting facts.** The viola first emerged in the northern Italy in the early 16th Century. 2. The viola can also be a solo instrument, but is mostly used in the orchestra.


 * Describe its sound.** It's sound is richer and darker when played both in the orchestra and solo instrument.

Web adress where it can be heard. []

Cello
**What is it made of?** Wood and string. **How is it played? With a bow made of horsehair....**
 * Picture:** Include the web link where you found the picture. []
 * At least 2 interesting facts.** Developed about 1660 from the bass violin.
 * Describe its sound. Low sound.**
 * Web address where it can be heard.** [] <<<The web link

**Bass**
Picture: Include the fact where you found the link. []


 * What is it made of?** It is made of wood and strings.


 * How is it played?** There's different ways you can play the bass instrument. 1 is to : Pluck it with your fingers. 2 is to : Use a bow and strum.


 * At least 2 interesting facts.** 1. The bass instrument is generally regarded as a modern descendant of the string family of instruments that originated in Europe in the 15th century. 2. Before the 20th century many bass instruments only had three strings, in the contrast to the five to six strings typical instruments.


 * Describe its sound.** Very Very Low Sound.


 * Web address where it can be heard** []

**Flute**

 * Picture:** Include the web link where you found the picture. []


 * What is it made of?** The flute is made of wood.


 * How is it played?** It is played with your fingers and your mouth as your fingers press down on a hole, your mouth is blowing into a hole.


 * At least 2 interesting facts.** Unlike woodwind instruments with reeds, a flute is an aerophone or reedless wind instruments with reeds, a flute is a aerophone or reedless windless instrument that produces that produces its sound from the flow of air across opening.


 * Describe its sound. A kind of high-pitched sound.**


 * Web address where it can be heard []**

**Oboe**

 * Picture:** Include the web link where you found the picture. []


 * What is it made of? Wood and metal keys.**


 * How is it played? With your mouth on a hole, vibrating the reeds and pressing the metal keys with your fingers.**


 * At least 2 interesting facts. 1. The oboe is very similar to the clarinet in many ways. 2. It is almost the same size as the clarinet.**


 * Describe its sound. Not a very high sound, and not a very low sound. It's kind of in the middle.**


 * Web address where it can be heard []**

**Clarinet** [[image:http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/01/Clarinet.jpg width="89" height="333"]]

 * Picture:** Include the web link where you found the picture. []


 * What is it made of? Wood and metal keys.**


 * How is it played? You play it by pressing on keys and blowing through a hole with your mouth.**


 * At least 2 interesting facts. 1. The clarinet is a musical instrument from the woodwind family. 2. Two reeds on a clarinet tied together are commonly known as a double reed.**


 * Describe its sound. It can be a high-pitched sound or a low-pitched sound.**


 * Web address where it can be heard []**

[[image:http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ab/FoxBassoon.jpg width="158" height="256"]]

 * Picture:** Include the web link where you found the picture. []


 * What is it made of?** Wood and metal.


 * How is it played?** You blow through a hole and press keys.


 * At least 2 interesting facts.** 1. The bassoon is a non-transposing instrument known for its distinctive tone color, wide range, variety of character, and agility. 2. Listeners often compare its warm, dark, ready timbre to that of a male baritone voice.


 * Describe its sound.** Its a kind of low sound... And whenever it tries to do a high-pitched tone. You can still hear the low sound in it.


 * Web address where it can be heard** []

**Saxophone**

 * Picture:** Include the web link where you found the picture. []


 * What is it made of?** Brass metal.


 * How is it played?** Blowing through a hole and pressing on metal keys with your fingers.


 * At least 2 interesting facts. 1.** Saxophones are usually made of brass and are played with a single-reed mouthpiece similar to that of the clarinet. 2. He pantented the sax in 1846 in two groups of seven instruments each.


 * Describe its sound.** It's a kind of high-pitched sound. It's not a low sound at all.


 * Web address where it can be heard** []

**Trumpet**

 * Picture:** Include the web link where you found the picture. []


 * What is it made of?** Brass metal.


 * How is it played?** Blowing through a mouthpiece and pressing/holding down buttons with your fingers.


 * At least 2 interesting facts.** 1. The **trumpet** is a [|musical instrument] with the highest [|register] in the [|brass] family. Trumpets are among the oldest musical instruments,[|[1]] dating back to at least 1500 BC. 2. The predecessors to trumpets did not have valves, but modern trumpets have either three [|piston valves] or three [|rotary valves].
 * Describe its sound.** A high-pitched tune.


 * Web address where it can be heard.** []

**French Horn**

 * Picture:** Include the web link where you found the picture. []


 * What is it made of? Brass metal.**


 * How is it played? Through a mouthpiece with your mouth.**


 * At least 2 interesting facts. 1.** The **horn** is a brass instrument consisting of about 12 feet (3.7 m) of tubing wrapped into a coil with a flared bell. 2. The more common //double horn// has a fourth valve, usually operated by the thumb, which routes the air to one set of tubing tuned to F or the second set of tubing tuned to B♭.


 * Describe its sound. A low sound.**


 * Web address where it can be heard. []**

**Trombone [[image:http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/63/French_horn_front.png width="130" height="109"]]**
Need correct picture and link.
 * Picture:** Include the web link where you found the picture.


 * What is it made of?** Brass Metal.


 * How is it played?** Blow through a mouth peice. And press keys with your fingers.


 * At least 2 interesting facts.** The **trombone** is a [|musical instrument] in the [|brass] family. 2. The trombone is usually characterised by a telescopic slide with which the player varies the length of the tube to change pitches.
 * Describe its sound.** A kind of high-pitched sound.


 * Web address where it can be heard.** []

**Tuba**

 * Picture:** Include the web link where you found the picture. []


 * What is it made of?** Brass Metal.


 * How is it played?** Blow through a mouthpiece and press down the metal keys.


 * At least 2 interesting facts.** The **tuba** is the largest and lowest pitched [|brass instrument]. 2. Sound is produced by vibrating or "buzzing" the lips into a large cupped [|mouthpiece].
 * Describe its sound.** A very low sound.


 * Web address where it can be heard** []

Snare Drum
need correct link
 * Picture:** Include the web link where you found the picture. []


 * What is it made of?** Strands of //snares// made of curled metal wire, metal cable, plastic cable, or [|gut] cords stretched across the drumhead, typically the bottom.
 * How is it played?** It is played with drumsticks. That you tap on the snare drum. And vibrates wires inside of the snare drum.


 * At least 2 interesting facts.** The snare drum is considered one of the most important drums of the [|drum kit]. 2. Today in [|popular music], especially with rock drum kits, the snare drum is typically used to play a [|backbeat] pattern[|[1]]
 * Describe its sound.** High-pitched sound.


 * Web address where it can be heard.** []

**Bass Drum**
need correct link **Picture:** Include the web link where you found the picture. []


 * What is it made of?** Strands of //snares// made of curled metal wire, metal cable, plastic cable, or [|gut] cords stretched across the drumhead, typically the bottom.
 * How is it played?** You have a footpedal. When you press the footpedal.. The little pounder thingy hits the drum.


 * At least 2 interesting facts.** Three major types of bass drums can be distinguished: the large **orchestral bass drum**, the smaller '**kick' drum**, and the **pitched bass drums**. 2. The type usually seen or heard in orchestral, ensemble or concert band music is the orchestral, or concert bass drum (in italian: gran cassa, gran tamburo). It is the largest drum of the orchestra.
 * Describe its sound.** It produces a note of low definite or indefinite [|pitch].
 * Web address where it can be heard.** []

**Timpani**
need correct link **Picture:** Include the web link where you found the picture. []


 * What is it made of?** Wood?


 * How is it played?** You use your hands and pound on it with your palm and fingers.


 * At least 2 interesting facts.** **Timpani** (also known commonly as **kettledrums** or **kettle drums**) are [|musical instruments] in the [|percussion] family.2. They are played by striking the head with a specialized [|drum stick] or //timpani mallet//.
 * Describe its sound.** It can be a low or high-pitched sound. It depends where you hit it at.


 * Web address where it can be heard.** []

**Cymbals**
need correct link **Picture:** Include the web link where you found the picture. []


 * What is it made of?** Cymbals consist of thin, normally round plates of various [|alloys]; see [|cymbal making] for a discussion of their manufacture
 * How is it played?** You have 2 cymbals. Hit them together and they will start vibrating and that's what causes the sound.


 * At least 2 interesting facts.** The greater majority of cymbals are of indefinite pitch, although small disc-shaped cymbals based on ancient designs sound a definite note (see: [|crotales]). 2. Cymbals are used in many ensembles ranging from the orchestra, percussion ensembles, jazz bands, heavy metal bands, and marching groups. Drum kits usually incorporate at least one [|suspended cymbal] and a pair of [|hi-hat] cymbals.
 * Describe its sound.** A high pitched sound?


 * Web address where it can be heard** []